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Critical Thinking Competency Standards：Guide for Educators The Structure of This Guide2

Understanding the Intimate Relationship Between Critical Thinking,Learning,and Education The Concept of Critical Thinking4

The“What”and the“How”of Education5

Critical Thinking Is the“How”for Obtaining Every Educational“What”5

Critical Thinking and Learning7

Critical Thinking and the Educated Person8

Critical Thinking and Information Literacy8

The Growing Importance of Critical Thinking10

Critical and Creative Thinking10

Critical Thinking and the Mastery of Content11

Adapting the Standards for Particular Subjects13

The Structure and Components of the Competencies15

Relating the Competencies to Critical Thinking Concepts15

Outlining the Components in Each Competency16

A Master Rubric18

The Critical Thinking Competencies20

Standard One：Purposes,Goals,and Objectives20

Standard Two：Questions,Problems,and Issues21

Standard Three：Information,Data,Evidence,and Experience22

Standard Four：Inferences and Interpretations23

Standard Five：Assumptions＆Presuppositions24

Standard Six：Concepts,Theories,Principles,Definitions,Laws,and Axioms25

Standard Seven：Implications and Consequences26

Standard Eight：Points of View and Frames of Reference27

Standard Nine：Assessing Thinking29

Standard Ten：Fairmindedness31

Standard Eleven：Intellectual Humility32

Standard Twelve：Intellectual Courage33

Standard Thirteen：Intellectual Empathy34

Standard Fourteen：Intellectual Integrity35

Standard Fifteen：Intellectual Perseverance36

Standard Sixteen：Confidencein Reason37

Standard Seventeen：Intellectual Autonomy38

Standard Eighteen：Insight into Egocentricity40

Standard Nineteen：Insight into Sociocentricity41

Standard Twenty：Skills in the Art of Studying and Learning42

Standard Twenty-One：Skills in the Art of Asking Essential Questions44

Standard Twenty-Two：Skills in the Art of Close Reading45

Standard Twenty-Three：Skills in the Art of Substantive Writing46

Standard Twenty-Four：Ethical Reasoning Abilities48

Standard Twenty-Five：Skills in Detecting Media Bias and Propaganda in National and World News52

Appendix55

Critical Thinking Theory Underlying the Competencies55

All Thinking Can be Analyzed by Identifying its Eight Elements56

To Analyze Thinking We Must Learn to identify and Question Its Elemental Structures57

All Thinking Must be Assessed for Quality Using Universal Intellectual Standards58

The Ultimate Goal of Critical Thinking is to Foster the Development of Intellectual Traitsor Dispositions59

Critical Thinkers Routinely Apply the Intellectual Standards to the Elements of Reasoning in Order to Develop Intellectual Traits60

Egocentrism and Sociocentrism,Natural Predispositions of the Mind and Powerful Barriers to the Development of Thinking61

Deepening Your Understanding of the Critical Thinking Competencies63